RESUMO
There is accumulating evidence showing that influenza infection and cardiorespiratory diseases are closely associated. Influenza has been described as a triggering factor capable of both exacerbate underlying chronic diseases as well as inducing the appearance of new respiratory and cardiovascular events. Consequently, influenza infection and its associated comorbidity have a significant impact on the health system. In this document, we extensively reviewed the current literature to describe the most relevant data on the relationship between influenza infection and cardiorespiratory diseases. Likewise, we analyzed the possible pathophysiological mechanisms explaining the connection between influenza infection and cardiac and respiratory events. Finally, reviewed data has been put into perspective to highlight the importance of influenza vaccination as an effective measure in the prevention of cardiorespiratory diseases, especially in the population with underlying chronic diseases.
Assuntos
Vacinas contra Influenza , Influenza Humana , Comorbidade , Humanos , Influenza Humana/complicações , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , VacinaçãoRESUMO
Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) represent an important health problem among aging adults and those with certain underlying pathologies and some diseases, especially immunosuppressed and some immunocompetent subjects, who are more susceptible to infections and present greater severity and worse evolution. Among the strategies to prevent IPD and PP, vaccination has its place, although vaccination coverage in this group is lower than desirable. Nowadays, there are 2 vaccines available for adults. Polysacharide vaccine (PPV23), used in patients aged 2 and older since decades ago, includes a greater number of serotypes (23), but it does not generate immune memory, antibody levels decrease with time, causes an immune tolerance phenomenon, and have no effect on nasopharyngeal colonization. PCV13 can be used from children 6 weeks of age to elderly and generates an immune response more powerful than PPV23 against most of the 13 serotypes included in it. In the year 2013 the 16 most directly related to groups of risk of presenting IPD publised a series of vaccine recommendations based on scientific evidence regarding anti-pneumococcal vaccination in adults with underlying pathologies and special conditions. A commitment was made about updating it if new scientific evidence became available. We present an exhaustive revised document focusing mainly in recommendation by age in which some more Scientific Societies have been involved.
Assuntos
Infecções Pneumocócicas/prevenção & controle , Vacinas Pneumocócicas , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Consenso , Humanos , Pneumonia Pneumocócica/prevenção & controle , Streptococcus pneumoniae , VacinaçãoRESUMO
En el año 2013 algunas de las Sociedades Científicas más directamente relacionadas con los grupos de riesgo para padecer enfermedad neumocócica publicamos un documento de Consenso con una serie de recomendaciones basadas en las evidencias científicas respecto a la vacunación antineumocócica en el adulto con condiciones especiales y patología de base. Se estableció un compromiso de discusión y actualización ante la aparición de nuevas evidencias. Fruto de este trabajo de revisión, en abril de 2017 se ha publicado una actualización del anterior documento junto a 4 nuevas Sociedades Científicas donde destaca, entre otras novedades, la recomendación de vacunación por criterio de edad. Se resumen algunas de las principales novedades que presenta la actualización del documento de Consenso
In the year 2013 some of the most directly related to groups of risk of presenting IPD Scientific Societies published a series of vaccine recommendations based on scientific evidence regarding anti-pneumococcal vaccination in adults with underlying pathologies and special conditions. A commitment was made about updating it if new scientific evidence became available. In april 2017 an exhaustive revision over the previous document was published focusing mainly in recommendation by age. We review some of the main changes in the new Consensus document
